Baltimore City

Maryland — Natural Disaster Risk Assessment

High

Composite Risk Score

95.0

National percentile: 95th

Baltimore City faces high composite natural disaster risk (NRI Risk Index score 95.0, 95th national percentile), driven primarily by heat wave and winter weather exposure. Expected annual loss across all 18 hazard types is $136M.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 · Updated December 2025

Expected Annual Loss $136M Annualized county-level EAL
Social Vulnerability High Population sensitivity
Community Resilience High Capacity to recover
Population 586K Latest estimate

Top Hazards

Heat Wave
High $38M/yr
Winter Weather
Very High $944K/yr
Cold Wave
High $12M/yr

All 18 Hazard Risks

Heat Wave High 6.80 / yr $38M
Winter Weather Very High 10.83 / yr $944K
Cold Wave High 1.50 / yr $12M
Strong Wind High 8.13 / yr $3M
Tornado High 0.07 / yr $10M
Riverine Flood High 1.89 / yr $52M
Earthquake Medium 0.00 / yr $7M
Hurricane Medium 0.10 / yr $10M
Lightning High 38.66 / yr $1M
Hail Medium 3.60 / yr $1M
Ice Storm Medium 0.95 / yr $248K
Coastal Flood Medium 3.69 / yr $559K
Landslide Very Low 0.04 / yr $371
Wildfire Very Low 0.00 / yr $8K
Avalanche Very Low 0.00 / yr $0
Drought Very Low 6.12 / yr $0
Tsunami Very Low 0.00 / yr $0
Volcanic Activity Very Low 0.00 / yr $0

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the overall natural disaster risk for Baltimore City?

Baltimore City has a composite FEMA National Risk Index score of 95.0 out of 100, placing it in the High category and the 95th national percentile. This combines Expected Annual Loss, Social Vulnerability, and Community Resilience across 18 hazard types.

What are the top natural hazards in Baltimore City?

The three highest-rated hazards are Heat Wave (High, $38M EAL), Winter Weather (Very High, $944K EAL), Cold Wave (High, $12M EAL). These account for most of the county's expected annual losses.

How does Baltimore City compare to other Maryland counties?

Baltimore City ranks #1 of 24 Maryland counties for overall natural disaster risk, with a high rating.

What does Expected Annual Loss (EAL) mean?

EAL is FEMA's estimate of average annual dollar losses from natural hazards, calculated from historical event data and exposure models. Baltimore City's $136M EAL is a statistical average, not a guarantee for any specific year or address.